Hi,
Sorry for not understanding your needs.
Joomla is a CMS so you can create category, section for content, then publish it this is the basic way to do it, no need extra code. There are content, module, component, plugin and template. So when we talked about module, we mean extra snippet that interact with content and sometime not like login snippet, countdown etc. There are plenty of already made component on Joomla site.
When we need more option like you seem to have, you can check existing component and adapt them or use some module that allow to use custom code. For this you need some HTML PHP Javascript and CSS knowledge.
I can recommend some modules I use to display custom code in content or in a module.
Here is the list:
http://extensions.joomla.org/extensions/core-enhancements/embed-a-includeAlso take a look in core enhancemenst section that might help you
http://extensions.joomla.org/extensions/core-enhancementsOther solution, there is some package for vertical marquet that have interesting modules, you can adapt those for your needs.
To my opinion when to much custom code is requiered I code my own application and don't use CMS.
You can take a look to expressionengine that might be more suitable for your needs, because they have a very cool and easy template system.
http://expressionengine.com/