The problem is specific to running with roaming profiles and is not restricted to Microsoft. You can't roam from a machine running Quickboox 2005 to a machine running Quickbooks 2008 and expect to open the same data file without issues.
In short, either don't have roaming profiles, or standardize on a platform. That has always been a rule of roaming profiles while you can "break" that rule from time to time, it isn't recommended and it shouldn't be expected to work. In this case, Outlook 2007 and 2010 are significantly different (Outlook 2010 allows multiple Exchange accounts for example) so of course the profile data is a different format; an absolute requirement to support new features.
-Cliff