I don't believe that is possible if you're using the "Delete existing files" option. You could turn that off, but that will open you up to including code that was not meant to be there. It can also lead to conflicts, in some situations.
What you can do (if you can open your target folder in Windows Explorer), is
1. Delete everything except your Images folder in the target folder
2. Publish locally
3. Manually copy the locally published content and folders to the target folder
This will leave your existing production Images folder intact.