Since you are using an SBS server the EWS virtual Directory should be under SBS Web Applications not under EWS.
And also, there is a problem with the Autodiscover Virtual Directory.
So you have to go for Removal of Virtual Directories. Now in your case, since EWS is in Default Web Site, make sure you run the following command to remove the EWS from Default website and to recreate it in SBS Web Applications.
Remove the directories.
Remove-AutodiscoverVirtualDirectory -Identity "CAS_Server_Name\Autodiscover (SBS Web Applications)"
Remove-WebServicesVirtualDirectory -Identity "CAS_Server_Name\EWS (Default Web Site)"
Recreate the Directories.
New-AutodiscoverVirtualDirectory -WebSitename "SBS Web Applications"
New-WebServicesVirtualDirectory -WebSitename "SBS Web Applications"
Please try this, and please dont enable the kernal Mode Authentication, we dont required that. Disable the Kernal Mode Authentication from Autodiscover/ EWS and OAB.
After removing and recreating it, please follow the kb- 940726 once again to set the InternalUri and also please make sure that you have the SCP url listen the internal DNS.
And also make sure that you having the following authentication in this 3 directories.
Autodiscover :- Basic + Windows Integrated + SSL Enabled.
EWS :- Windows Integrated = No SSL.
OAB:- Windows Integrated = No SSL.
Please try this settings on the server now and please revert back if you have any issues.